Same as Ever

Lessons from Same as Ever by Morgan Housel

Human Nature Constants

  • People don't want accurate information, they want confirming information - we seek data that supports what we already believe
  • The more you want something to be true, the more likely you are to believe a story that overestimates the odds of it being true
  • Progress happens too slowly to notice, setbacks happen too quickly to ignore - we overweight immediate problems and underweight gradual improvements
  • Wounds heal, scars last - people adapt to trauma but carry lasting behavioral changes that seem irrational to outsiders
  • Expectations move faster than solutions - we get used to improvements quickly, then demand even more

Risk and Uncertainty

  • The biggest risk is what no one is talking about - the most dangerous risks are the ones we don't see coming
  • Every job looks easy when you're not the one doing it - complexity and difficulty are invisible from the outside
  • Stress causes people to focus on what matters most, often revealing hidden priorities and capabilities
  • The person who says "it will never happen" and the person who says "it's inevitable" are usually both wrong
  • Wild numbers get the most attention but are the least useful for decision-making

Change and Adaptation

  • Things that have never happened before happen all the time - unprecedented events are actually quite normal
  • The biggest changes often come from the youngest and oldest people who have the least to lose
  • Competitive advantages rarely last as long as we expect, but they often last longer than competitors think
  • Good ideas taken too far become bad ideas - most failures come from taking successful strategies to extremes

Decision-Making and Behavior

  • People want to believe they're in control more than they want to admit they're not
  • The illusion of control leads to overconfidence, while learned helplessness leads to missed opportunities
  • Your willingness to believe a prediction is influenced by how much you need that prediction to be true
  • Simple rules produce complex results, complex rules produce stupid results
  • Most debates aren't about what happened, but why it happened - and why it happened is usually unknowable

Historical Patterns

  • History is just one damn thing after another, but it rhymes because human nature stays the same
  • Every generation thinks they're unique and facing unprecedented challenges
  • The past wasn't as good as you remember, the present isn't as bad as you think, the future won't be as different as you imagine
  • Nostalgia is a powerful force that makes the past look more appealing than it actually was

Long-term Thinking

  • Long-term thinking is easier to believe in than to accomplish - our brains are wired for immediate gratification
  • The most important force in business and investing is the power of compounding, but it requires patience most people don't have
  • Overnight success usually takes about ten years of invisible preparation
  • The best way to increase odds of long-term success is to survive short-term volatility

Incentives and Motivation

  • Show me the incentive and I'll show you the outcome - people respond predictably to reward structures
  • Everyone believes in their own delusions because those delusions serve a purpose
  • The strongest force in finance is the urge to keep up with others, even when it's self-destructive